Federal laws on environmental organs establishment, environmental pollution control, solid waste management, and environmental impact assessment eia as well as effluent emission standards have been issued. Ethiopia environmental and climate change policy brief sidas. Hot springs and active volcanoes are found in its extreme east close to the red sea. Elsewhere, the land is subject to erosion, overgrazing, deforestation, and frequent droughts.
Addis environmental addis environmental servicesaes. Environmental issues in ethiopia and links to the ethiopian economy. Many thanks also go to the staff of ethiopian broadcasting corporation ebc, for their support. Fuelwood problems are viewed primarily as one conse quence of the interaction of environmental and economic forces at the local level, which result in a number of resource stresses. Through ongoing activities supporting disaster readiness, we are assisting ethiopia improve its capacity to predict and respond to disastersprincipally drought and famine to which parts of the country. Population, development, and environment in ethiopia.
The conservation strategy of ethiopia cse and the environmental policy of ethiopia epe were adopted in 1997. Floriculture is one of the booming sectors in ethiopia. Pdf environmental issues in ethiopia and links to the ethiopian. The hygiene and environmental health module comprises 23 study sessions divided into two parts. The combined effects of severe drought and a 17year civil war have also added to ethiopias environmental problems. With the exception of climate change, the major environmental issues affecting ethiopia are soil erosion and land degradation, deforestation and forest. This entry lists the most pressing and important environmental problems. Thank you for your report on the environmental issues of ethiopia. Pdf assessment of the environment pollution and its impact on. Sewnet department of geography and environmental studies, bahir dar university, p. Perceptions of climate change among natural resources management students.
Sep, 2015 issn 23500530o issn 23943629p impact factor. The main ethiopian rift is geologically active and susceptible to earthquakes. Ethiopia is now a landlocked country located at the northeastern part of africa the horn of africa. Acidification the lowering of soil and water ph due to acid precipitation and deposition usually through precipitation. In ethiopia, the issue of enforcing environmental laws and policies has created practical challenges beyond the sphere of theoretical discourses.
Domestic waste management and its environmental impacts in addis ababa city ali mohammed and eyasu elias center for environmental science, addis ababa university, addis ababa, ethiopia. Ethiopias hivaids adult prevalence rate hovers around 1. An open question article pdf available in the journal of environmental education 412 january 2010 with 120,303 reads how we. Major challenges in relation to the enforcement of environmental laws include environmental preservation, climate change, high population growth, scientific uncertainties, usage of outdated. Analysis of the research literature demonstrates unequivocally that environmental degradation is widespread and severe in ethiopia. Download table major environmental problems of ethiopia from publication. Pdf rural land use problems and management options in. Water shortages are common in some areas during the dry season.
Environmental, social and economic problems in the borkena. The above stated environmental problems have already taken place in ethiopia. National report of ethiopia sustainable development. The great majority of waterrelated health problems are the result of microbial bacteriological, viral, protozoan or other.
Environmental pollution is tangled with the unsustainable anthropogenic activities, resulting in substantial public health problems. Notes on the selfassessment questions saqs for hygiene and environmental health part 2 contents. Due to the multiples environmental challenges, including pollution, ethiopia aims to do so by building a green economy. Aes is equipped with laboratory testing equipment, geophysical instrument, environmental sampling drilling equipment and since its establishment, aes has provided professional services to many.
Environmental policy is the commitment of an organization or government to the laws, regulations, and other policy mechanisms concerning environmental issues. Causes and impacts of shankila river water pollution in addis ababa, ethiopia. Major environmental issues in ethiopia ambassador report. Introduction an environmental problem arises whenever there is a change in the quality or quantity of any environmental factor which directly or indirectly affects the health and wellbeing of man in an adverse manner. Conict and the environment environmental problems, both within and outside near ethiopia the nuba mountains were the scene the federal democratic republic of ethiopia environmental protection authority pdf project development 1 environmental policy of ethiopia and conservation. In particular, the impacts of agriculture and deforestation especially on soils have been severe and increase the vulnerability of many people to food and water insecurity. Accepted 31 january, 2017 addis ababa citys solid waste is a threat to the environment as only 65% produced per day is collected and. These issues generally include air and water pollution, waste management, ecosystem management, maintenance of biodiversity, the management of natural resources, wildlife and endangered. Although the government has committed itself to reducing poverty and meeting the millennium development goals, its programs are not horizontally integrated, and focus on immediate crises rather than longterm environmental and population problems. A reassessmentv this paper is one of several contributions to the world banks country envi al stratey paper cesp for ethiopia its purpose is to assess the extent of laud degradation in ethiopia, discuss its causes, analyze past attempts to remedy the problems, and suggest approprate faure. Ethiopia s hivaids adult prevalence rate hovers around 1.
Each year, the nation loses 340 square miles of forest land. The poor have traditionally taken the brunt of the blame for causing societys many problems including, more recently, environmental degradation. Aes based in addis ababa, ethiopia was established in 2004 with business objective of providing water and environmentalengineering and related services. As of 1994, 600,000 acres of arable land were washed away each year. The following terms and abbreviations are used throughout the entry. Through ongoing activities supporting disaster readiness, we are assisting ethiopia improve its capacity to predict and respond to disastersprincipally drought and famine to which parts of the country are prone.
The first private floriculture companies, meskel flower and ethioflora, started activities around 1997 on a few hectares of land5. Of course the role of the government and researchers are also important in passing environmental laws and developing new green technologies but i believe that. Though five years have elapsed since the adoption of the eia law in ethiopia, the practice is still in its infantile stage, owing to a. By incorporating environmental issues into its work within ethiopia, we strive to develop initiatives that make improvements in multiple sectors and promote sustainable development. Ethiopia has recognized the system of eia because in addition to contributing to environmental protection it facilitates sustainable development, fosters the implementation of the right to clean and healthy environment, brings about administrative transparency and. Underlying these problems is the ethiopian governments poor implementation of policies.
Executive summary the united nations general assembly has called in ga 64236 for a united nations. The practices and challenges of environmental issues. Environment pollution is a widereaching problem and it is likely to influence the health of human populations is great. These issues, their links to the ethiopian economy, and their implications for economic growth, are the subject of this rapid, deskbased study. I completely agree that environmental education will be one of the most powerful methods of solving these problems. Environmental challenges in ethiopia include climate change, soil degradation, deforestation, loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services, and. An open question article pdf available in the journal of environmental education 412 january 2010 with 120,303 reads how we measure reads.
Domestic waste management and its environmental impacts. There is a general consensus that poverty is a major cause of environmental degradation. Current status of the environmental impact assessment system in ethiopia yonas tekelemichael abstract one of the most ominous of all problems facing ethiopia is environmental crisis which threatens to precipitate and deepen the countrys precarious economic and social state. Global and ethiopia s national environmental challenges in ethiopia, land degradation is a serious problem affecting agricultural productivity. Smallholder peasant agriculture, in some areas including forestry, is the dominant sector accounting for. Severely eroded and deforested, ethiopias land is increasingly turning to desert, due to the countrys high population growth, unsustainable land use, and lack of land ownership. Today, the ethiopian investment agency has given permit. On the basis of population density, the different localities may be divided as urban or rural areas. One mechanism of achieving this could be to incorporate a course in ecology into the curricula of teaching institutions at various levels. A municipality or notified area council mac or corporation or metropolitan city whose population is more than 5000 and a population density of more than 400 people. Featuring footage from sean peoples trip to ethiopia last year, this video looks at the efforts of two projects to address the countrys complex challenges with integrated solutions. Overgrazing and the expansion of farming into marginal lands caused by an increasing population pressure without increasing economic productivity have been leaving the land bare. This paper provides the insight view about the affects of environment pollution in the perspective of air pollution, water and land soil waste pollution on human by diseases and problems, animals and trees plants. Environmental problems can be studied from two different viewpoints.
Ethiopia, the land of the great emperor haile selassie, is a land of many lands and a kingdom of many kingdoms. One of the culprits of environmental damage in ethiopia is land fragmentation. In spite of these efforts, eia in ethiopia has until now remained weak. To achieve sustainable development in ethiopia, it is vital that the above problems should be properly addressed and ecological integrity of the nation be properly maintained. Clearing of forests, overgrazing and other reductions in the vegetation of the country has increased considerably during recent years. Global environment facility 2004, proposal for project development fund pdfb block.
Semantic scholar extracted view of environmental issues in ethiopia and links to the ethiopian economy by ben daley. Environmental issues such as water pollution as a result of agricultural and industrial runoffs, etc. Causes and impacts of shankila river water pollution in. Federal democratic republic of ethiopia country environmental analysis cea ethiopia realizing green transformation. With the exception of climate change, the major environmental issues affecting ethiopia are soil erosion and land degradation, deforestation and forest degradation, water scarcity, biodiversity. People in borkena in ethiopia suffer from a complex interplay of environmental degradation, increasing shortage of land due to population growth, conflicts between different ethnic and religious identities, and social confrontations as a result of such tensions. Current status of the environmental impact assessment.
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